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Author Topic: Tver - Тверь - Kalinin - Калинин  (Read 4647 times)

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Offline mendeleyev

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Tver - Тверь - Kalinin - Калинин
« on: February 16, 2014, 12:44:50 AM »
Tver (Тверь)

Tver is a peaceful and very pretty stop along the highway from Moscow to Saint Petersburg but in centuries past this ancient city (referenced in history as early as 1135) aspired to be the capital of Russia in the 1300s and 1400s but was defeated in battles with Moscow. Ivan the Great led the Moscow army in battles of the 1400s and later Ivan the Terrible finished off any remaining heirs to the throne by having them executed in the late 1500s.


(foto: Boris Mavlyutov)

In more peaceful times, like now, cars make their way across the Volga river in full confidence that Ivan the Terrible is long dead and the executions have ended.

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(12 Feb 2014; flackelf LJ)

During Soviet rule the city was known as Kalinin (Калинин) from 1931 to 1990.  Mikhail Kalinin was the first official leader of the new Soviet Union and the Chairman of the Party and of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. He was born on a farm near Tver and became a close associate of Vladimir Lenin in the years leading up to the Revolution and continued after Lenin's death to be part of the inner circle of Joseph Stalin.



During the Stalin era he was the official head of state and received diplomats and chaired non-important commissions. He was one of the few inside Stalin's inner circle to avoid arrest during the repressions although his wife was arrested in 1938 but even then he kept silent (translation: he threw her under the bus). She was tortured into a confession and sent to the Gulags only to be released in 1945 just months before he died of cancer.

Kalinin was buried in the Kremlin Wall Necropolis after a full state funeral. Three cities were renamed in his honour: Tver, Korolyov and Königsberg. Of those three, only the former German city of Königsberg, Kaliningrad, still bears his name. 


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(foto: Andrei Hammer)

The Volga and Tvertsa rivers meet in Tver and it is probably good to have all that water because the city has been almost completely burned twice. The first time was in the 1700s and the city was rebuilt by Catherine the Great.


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(foto: Natalya Shishkina)

In 1941 the city was against destroyed by the Nazi invasion of Russia. Tver was occupied as part of the German campaign toward Moscow and was the first European city in Russia to be liberated.


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(foto: Boris Mavlyutov)

Catherine the Great built a travel palace in Tver, a sort of plush "rest stop" along the way from Petersburg to Moscow. The palace had fallen into disrepair just like the travel palace near Moscow, Tsaritsino, and Soviet officials refused to care for the estates given their ties to the old monarchy. Today the Tver palace is being restored to its former glory. http://gallery.tver.ru/


(foto: Yuri Surin)


Tver is about a 2.5 hour train ride northwest of Moscow; the city population is just over 408,000.


Offline shycat

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Re: Tver - Тверь - Kalinin - Калинин
« Reply #1 on: February 16, 2014, 07:05:47 AM »
TVER >

Cannot believe someone here knows this place. Went down there in 1997 from Saint Pete to look
at the towns largest brewery which I was very interested in. They were willing to sell it for $150,000-$250,000 cash. Really the Mafia would want that much from you easily within the first few years. I passed But TVER Beer is well known and they gave me the red carpet tour of the brewery

Beer was OK but had real potential since the Brewery supplied Moscow and the Saint Pete area.

PIVO is Russia staple so I was very interesting in the Beer Biz and Cell Phone Biz in the mid 90s in Russia

I had already invested in the mainline infrastructure Russian Companys thru the Russian Stock Market but
was looking for direct investments in Russia at the time> 1995-1998.

Bottom Line sold all my Russian Stocks in 2005-2007 did very well indeed.

SHYCAT

Offline mendeleyev

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Re: Tver - Тверь - Kalinin - Калинин
« Reply #2 on: February 18, 2014, 02:29:04 AM »
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(foto: Ekaterina Tregubova)


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Above: Most of us have seen this digitized photo from 1910. It is the Monastery of Saint Nilov, located on Lake Selieger's Stolobnyi Island, in the Tver Oblast (region).



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(foto: Sanya Sidorova)



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Offline mendeleyev

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Re: Tver - Тверь - Kalinin - Калинин
« Reply #3 on: February 18, 2014, 03:07:02 AM »
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Monument to the Great Patriotic War (WW II)


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As is the custom each year, Grandfather Frost and his granddaughter the Snow Maiden arrive just before the New Year to hand out New Year gifts to children. For this trip Grandfather Frost opted for the train instead of his usual sleigh with three horses, his troika.

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Often it is the duty of the Snow Maiden, granddaughter of Grandfather Frost, to present the gifts to children but in some cases she deputizes special helpers to pass out gifts when needed.

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Offline mendeleyev

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Re: Tver - Тверь - Kalinin - Калинин
« Reply #4 on: February 18, 2014, 03:24:58 AM »
Троллейбус is trolleybus, a common form of transport in Tver.

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(foto: Kronos, LiveJournal)


<a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/mwqoM_szFNM" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="bbc_link bbc_flash_disabled new_win">https://www.youtube.com/v/mwqoM_szFNM</a>



Another common transport found in most Russian cities is the tram, or трамвай (trahm-viy).

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(foto: Kronos, LiveJournal)


<a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/9cKz4sCBRmk" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="bbc_link bbc_flash_disabled new_win">https://www.youtube.com/v/9cKz4sCBRmk</a>


What is the difference between a trolleybus and a tram as they both use overhead electric cables for power? A trolleybus, Троллейбус, has bus wheels/tires and drives on street pavement while the tram, трамвай, runs on rails.

Offline mendeleyev

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Re: Tver - Тверь - Kalinin - Калинин
« Reply #5 on: February 18, 2014, 10:11:39 AM »
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/KJOF3a98k50" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="bbc_link bbc_flash_disabled new_win">https://www.youtube.com/v/KJOF3a98k50</a>



<a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/TjV_zCrbnzM" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="bbc_link bbc_flash_disabled new_win">https://www.youtube.com/v/TjV_zCrbnzM</a>

Offline mendeleyev

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Re: Tver - Тверь - Kalinin - Калинин
« Reply #6 on: February 22, 2014, 03:24:24 AM »
Perhaps you'd like to know more about the role that Kalinin (Tver) and the surrounding towns played in the defense of Moscow during WWII, called the battle for Rzhev:


<a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/Ur83MLafhlU" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="bbc_link bbc_flash_disabled new_win">https://www.youtube.com/v/Ur83MLafhlU</a>

Offline Tom Cat

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Re: Tver - Тверь - Kalinin - Калинин
« Reply #7 on: December 16, 2016, 12:35:08 PM »
Don't shoot the messenger, links to articles posted, don't necessarily reflect my personal opinion.